Table 2 Gambling, substance use, and mental health by ethnicity
From: Problem gambling among ethnic minorities: results from an epidemiological study
Variable | White | Hispanic | Black or African American | Asian/other | Total | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (1341) | % | n (394) | % | n (261) | % | n (177) | % | n (% of total) | |
Gambling frequency** | |||||||||
Low | 478 | 66.1 | 114 | 15.8 | 75 | 10.4 | 56 | 7.7 | 723 (100.0) |
Medium | 367 | 63.1 | 92 | 12.7 | 81 | 13.9 | 42 | 7.2 | 582 (100.0) |
High | 496 | 57.1 | 188 | 21.7 | 105 | 12.1 | 79 | 9.1 | 868 (100.0) |
Preferred gambling venue(s)*** | |||||||||
Land-based only | 1067 | 66.2 | 244 | 15.1 | 198 | 12.3 | 104 | 6.4 | 1613 (100.0) |
Online only | 66 | 57.4 | 26 | 22.6 | 7 | 6.1 | 16 | 13.9 | 115 (100.0) |
Land-based and online | 208 | 46.7 | 124 | 27.9 | 56 | 12.6 | 57 | 12.8 | 445 (100.0) |
Gambling activities | |||||||||
Lottery | 1059 | 60.7 | 323 | 18.5 | 219 | 12.6 | 143 | 8.2 | 1744 (100.0) |
Instant scratch-off tickets** | 853 | 60.6 | 276 | 19.6 | 181 | 12.9 | 98 | 7.0 | 1408 (100.0) |
Bingo*** | 212 | 51.0 | 92 | 22.1 | 55 | 13.2 | 57 | 13.7 | 416 (100.0) |
Sports betting*** | 139 | 43.3 | 98 | 30.5 | 42 | 13.1 | 42 | 13.1 | 321 (100.0) |
Horse race track betting*** | 201 | 61.9 | 75 | 23.1 | 18 | 5.5 | 31 | 9.5 | 325 (100.0) |
Live poker*** | 129 | 51.2 | 70 | 27.8 | 26 | 10.3 | 27 | 10.7 | 252 (100.0) |
Live casino table games*** | 264 | 57.0 | 104 | 22.5 | 42 | 9.1 | 53 | 11.4 | 463 (100.0) |
Gaming machines (slots) | 416 | 60.4 | 139 | 20.2 | 73 | 10.6 | 61 | 8.8 | 689 (100.0) |
Other games of skill*** | 158 | 45.7 | 99 | 28.6 | 47 | 13.6 | 42 | 12.1 | 346 (100.0) |
Substance use | |||||||||
Tobacco use*** | 351 | 53.6 | 156 | 23.8 | 93 | 14.2 | 55 | 8.4 | 655 (100.0) |
Alcohol use*** | 1051 | 62.2 | 325 | 19.2 | 178 | 10.5 | 136 | 8.0 | 1690 (100.0) |
Binge drinking*** | 230 | 51.7 | 120 | 27.0 | 45 | 10.1 | 50 | 11.2 | 445 (100.0) |
Illegal drug use*** | 116 | 44.3 | 82 | 31.3 | 41 | 15.6 | 23 | 8.8 | 262 (100.0) |
Problems with drugs or alcohol*** | 44 | 40.4 | 43 | 39.4 | 13 | 11.9 | 9 | 8.9 | 109 (100.0) |
Mental health | |||||||||
Behavioral addictions* | 165 | 55.9 | 74 | 25.1 | 35 | 11.9 | 21 | 7.1 | 295 (100.0) |
Mental health problems* | 183 | 60.4 | 70 | 23.1 | 35 | 11.6 | 15 | 5.0 | 303 (100.0) |
Suicidal ideation*** | 33 | 44.0 | 26 | 34.7 | 11 | 14.7 | 5 | 6.7 | 75 (100.0) |