Table 1 Endorsement of gaming addiction criteria

1. Feeling preoccupied with playing games at the Internet café

2. Playing games at the Internet café with increasing amounts of time to achieve satisfaction

3. Repeatedly made unsuccessful efforts to control, cut back, or stop gaming at the Internet café

4. Feeling restless, moody, depressed, or irritable when attempting to cut down or stop gaming at the Internet café

5. Playing games at the Internet café longer than originally planned

6 Having jeopardized or risked significant relationships, educational opportunity because of gaming at the Internet café

7. Having lied to family members, therapists, or others to conceal the extent of gaming involvement

8. Playing games at the Internet café to escape from problems or to relieve dysphoric mood