Gender differences in the prospective association between maternal alcohol consumption trajectories and young adult offspring’s problem gambling at 30 years

Asian Journal of Gambling Issues and Public Health

Table 1 Maternal alcohol consumption trajectories and young adult’s risk of problem gambling behaviours at 30 year follow-up

Maternal alcohol consumption trajectories^a	No (%)	No risk behaviour^b	Risk of problem gambling behaviours
			Odds ratio (95 % CI)
			Unadjusted	Adjusted
			Unadjusted	Model 1^c	Model 2^d	Model 3^e	Model 4^f
Abstainers	291 (17.2)	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Low-stable drinkers	1092 (64.6)	1.0	1.2 (0.7–1.9)	1.2 (0.7–1.9)	1.1 (0.6–1.9)	1.1 (0.6–2.0)	0.9 (0.5–1.7)
Moderate-escalating drinkers	308 (18.2)	1.0	2.1 (1.3–3.6)	2.0 (1.2–3.5)	2.1 (1.1–4.0)	2.1 (1.1–4.2)	1.6 (0.8- 3.2)

Italic = p < 0.05
^aAssessed over 21 year follow-up
^bRef. No risk behaviours of problem gambling
^cControlled for mother’s SES (maternal age and educational levels at Time 1, maternal marital status and income at 14 year)
^dControlled for model 1 plus paternal alcohol problems at 14 year
^eControlled for model 2 plus young adult’s SES (income, education, marital status) at 21 year
^fControlled for model 3 plus young adult’s alcohol consumption at 30 years